00:00:10(Yamamoto Miki)
Hello, glad to have you with us on NHK Newsline. I'm Yamamoto Miki in Tokyo.
CHINA HOLDS SECOND DAY OF MILITARY DRILLS AROUND TAIWAN
China's military says it is conducting a second day of live-fire drills in borders and skies around Taiwan.
It says it's deployed destroyers and bombers to simulate blockades and other maneuvers.
The People's Liberation Army's Eastern Theater Command started the exercises on Monday. It is calling them Justice Mission 2025.
It said Tuesday's drills to the north and south of Taiwan's main island would be a rehearsal of blockades and other capabilities.
The command said it carried out long-distance live-fire exercises in waters north of Taiwan.
Taiwan's defense ministry said in the 24-hour period through Tuesday morning, it had observed activity by 130 Chinese military fighters.
It said it had also detected drones and other aircraft in the skies around Taiwan.
The ministry said additionally, it had monitored 14 Chinese military ships and eight other vessels in the same period.
China's defense ministry said in a statement that drills were a serious warning to Taiwan independence separatist forces and external interference forces.
The two-day exercises appear to be a message for Taiwan President Lai Ching-ta, regarded by China as an advocate for Taiwan independence.
They also appear to be aimed at the administration of US President Donald Trump, which approved the sale of arms to Taiwan this month.
President Lai said on social media that China is not acting as a responsible major power.
He said Taiwan would continue to act responsibly and would refrain from stirring up any disputes.
The Chinese military foreshadowed Tuesday's activities with an announcement that it would be holding drills from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
It also marked out five areas surrounding Taiwan that ships and aircraft should avoid entering.
Taiwan aviation authorities said the exercises are expected to affect over 100,000 passengers using international air routes.
They would also affect about 6,000 people traveling on flights connecting Taiwan's main island and outer islands.
CHINESE SHIPS NEAR SENKAKU ISLANDS HIT RECORD HIGH IN 2025
Japan's Coast Guard says Chinese government vessels have been operating near the Senkaku Islands at a record level this year.
They've been spotted in the contiguous zone just outside Japanese waters on all but eight days of the year so far.
Coast Guard officials say four such vessels were confirmed navigating in the zone in the early hours of Tuesday. That sighting brings the total to 356 days this year.
And they say as of Monday, they had confirmed 27 instances of Chinese government ships entering Japan's territorial waters around the Senkaku.
In March this year, Chinese government vessels stayed in Japanese waters around the islands for a record 92 hours and eight minutes.
Japan controls the Senkaku Islands. China and Taiwan claim them.
The Japanese government maintains the islands are an inherent part of Japan's territory in terms of history and international law.
It says there is no issue of sovereignty to be resolved over them.
A senior Japan Coast Guard official says they will continue to respond calmly and resolutely to safeguard the waters while closely coordinating with relevant organizations.
NORTH KOREA'S KIM WANTS MORE MULTIPLE ROCKET LAUNCHERS
North Korean leader Kim Jong-un wants to boost the firepower of his regime and possibly Russia's. He has reportedly ordered the production of more multiple rocket launchers.
The ruling Workers' Party newspaper says Kim visited a munitions factory on Sunday.
He reportedly said multiple rocket launchers can annihilate the enemy.
The newspaper says the weapons would be deployed to key North Korean military units.
South Korea's Yonhap News Agency says Kim's comments suggest the rocket launchers can fire nuclear warheads, and it says his order to expand production could be part of a plan to increase exports to Russia.
ISRAEL-HAMAS CONFLICT
TRUMP MEETS NETANYAHU, URGES HAMAS TO DISARM
US President Donald Trump says he wants to implement the next phase of a peace plan in the Gaza Strip. He also issued an ultimatum for Hamas.
00:05:05(Donald Trump/US President)
They're going to be given a very short period of time to disarm. If they don't disarm, as they agreed to do, they agreed to it, and then they'll be held to pay for them.
00:05:16(Yamamoto Miki)
Trump spoke to reporters after meeting Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
An Israel-Hamas ceasefire took effect in October.
The peace process can advance to the second stage if the Islamic group returns the remains of its sole remaining hostage.
Trump also spoke about the possibility Iran is continuing its nuclear development program at alternative sites to those bombed in June by the US military.
He said there would be no choice but to eradicate any build-up very quickly.
WAR IN UKRAINE
TRUMP SPEAKS TO PUTIN AFTER SUMMIT WITH ZELENSKYY
President Trump has spoken to his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin by phone.
He reportedly provided an update on his latest round of peace talks with the leader of Ukraine.
The call took place on Monday. Russian presidential aide Yuriy Ushakov says Trump strongly urged the Ukrainian leader to focus on reaching an agreement to end the war.
Putin reportedly said he intends to continue cooperating closely with the United States, but he also suggested his position could change while accusing Ukraine of a drone attack on a presidential residence in Russia's northwest.
Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy insists his country was not behind the strike.
He accuses Russia of a complete fabrication designed to justify attacking Ukraine.
He and Trump discussed a proposed 20-point peace plan on Sunday in Florida.
They reportedly made some headway on security guarantees for Kyiv, but failed to agree on other issues, including territory.
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RECORD NUMBER OF BEARS CAPTURED IN JAPAN IN FY2025
Bears have really been out of the headlines in Japan these days.
Authorities say a record number have been captured amid a surge in sightings across urban areas.
The environment ministry says more than 9,800 bears were captured across 31 prefectures in the seven months through October.
That's already a record for the fiscal year, which start every April in Japan.
But at the same time, the number of hunters capable of capturing the animals has declined.
The ministry says the number of people with a license for rifles and shotguns dropped by more than 70 percent.
The central government wants municipalities to hire official hunters and is offering support for labor costs.
The government plans to capture more bears when they come out of hibernation in the spring.
It also plans to implement zoning-based controls to separate bear habitats from areas where people live.
And those were some of the stories making headlines this hour.
This is NHK World Japan. Do stay with us.
WEATHER
♫～ 3-DAY FORECAST ～♫
And that is all for this edition of NHK News Line. I'm Yamamoto Miki in Tokyo.
Thanks for joining us.
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Easy Japanese
00:10:09 話者 3
Hi there, it's time for NHK World Japan's Easy Japanese.
I'm Mary Kokojiba.
00:10:15 話者 4
And I'm Michael Reese.
Let's have fun learning Japanese together.
Today, we bring you lesson 40, expressing a reason.
Tam, a student from Vietnam, and Mia, a Chinese photographer, were relaxing in the living room of Harusan House.
Just then, the sensors of Haru-san robot landlady detected something out of the ordinary.
00:10:41 話者 3
Listen to the skit for lesson 40.
Now, let's look at the meaning line by line.
00:11:17 話者 4
Haru-san's cheeks flashed light blue as an earthquake shook the ground.
Miya felt it.
00:11:25 話者 3
Oh, the ground is shaking.
00:11:27 話者 4
Tam screamed.
00:11:31 話者 3
Earthquake! Help.
00:11:33 話者 4
Haru-san tried to put her at ease.
00:11:38 話者 3
Please calm down.
It's all right.
00:11:43 話者 4
The shaking subsided, and Mia said to Tam.
00:11:49 話者 3
See, it's already over.
00:11:52 話者 4
Feeling relieved, Tam replied.
00:11:58 話者 3
Since it was my first earthquake, I was startled.
00:12:01 話者 4
Well, I think anyone would be taken back by experiencing an earthquake for the first time.
00:12:07 話者 3
Even a small jolt can be unnerving for people who come from countries where earthquakes are rare.
00:12:19 話者 4
Today's key phrase is, Since it was my first earthquake, I was startled.
If you memorize this pattern, you'll be able to express a reason.
00:12:33 話者 3
Here's the meaning part by part.
means It was my first time.
Bikkurishimashita is the polite past tense of the verb bikkurisuru, meaning to be startled.
Today's point.
To give a reason, use the particle kara.
00:12:56 話者 4
In the skit, Tam explained she was startled by the quake since it was her first time.
00:13:02 話者 3
That's right.
It was my first time is hajimete datta, so add kara.
to say hajimete datta kara, meaning since it was my first time.
00:13:16 話者 4
OK, so what's the difference between hajimete datta and hajimete deshita?
00:13:21 話者 3
Well, it's the same meaning.
Hajimete deshita is in what's called the polite style, while hajimete datta is known as the plain style.
When giving a reason by adding kara,
The plain style is more natural than the polite style.
00:13:38 話者 4
And the plain style is...?
00:13:40 話者 3
It's a style that doesn't use desu or masu.
The past tense of desu is deshita, and the plain style of that is datta.
00:13:50 話者 4
Now, listen and repeat.
00:13:54 話者 5
Hajime te datta kara.
00:14:13 話者 4
OK, got it?
Now, listen to this conversation.
A woman is answering a man's question about a Japanese movie she's seen.
00:14:33 話者 3
Here's the meaning.
00:14:43 話者 6
Sono eiga omoshiro katta desu ka.
00:14:46 話者 4
Was that movie interesting?
00:14:49 話者 3
Sono eiga means that movie, and omoshiro katta is the past tense of the e-adjective omoshiroi meaning interesting.
Adding desu ka
makes the question more polite.
00:15:05 話者 4
Since the story was difficult, I didn't understand it well.
00:15:14 話者 3
Hanashi means story.
Muzukashi katta is the past tense of i-adjective muzukashi, difficult.
The i-adjective becomes the plain style if you don't use this.
Kara is added to indicate the reason.
Yoku means well.
Wakarimasen deshita is the past tense of wakarimasen, or I don't understand.
The original verb, or the dictionary form, is wakaru, meaning to understand.
00:15:47 話者 4
All right then, listen and repeat.
00:15:53 話者 5
Hanashi ga amuzukashika takara.
Hanashi ga muzukashi katta kara yoku wa karimasen deshita.
Hanashi ga muzukashi katta kara yoku wa karimasen deshita.
00:16:21 話者 3
Let's practice with some other examples.
Imagine you didn't go to the beach today because it rained.
Say, Since it rained, I didn't go.
00:16:32 話者 4
Rain is...
00:16:34 話者 5
Ame.
00:16:35 話者 4
And it rained in the plain style is...
00:16:38 話者 5
Ame datta.
Ame datta.
00:16:43 話者 4
I didn't go is...
00:16:45 話者 5
Ikimasen deshita.
Ikimasen deshita.
00:16:50 話者 4
Go ahead.
00:16:56 話者 7
Ame datta kara.
Ikimasen deshita.
00:17:09 話者 4
Okay, are you catching on?
Today's bonus phrase is this line by Tam.
Learn it by heart.
Tasukete.
00:17:23 話者 3
Tasukete means help.
It's the te form of the verb tasukeru, to help.
Using the TE form by itself expresses a light instruction or an order.
00:17:36 話者 4
Use the phrase if you ever need to ask for help, whether it's a run-in with a thief or some sickness or injury that you need to be helped with.
Now this will get people's attention.
Have it ready for emergencies.
Now it's your turn.
Listen and repeat.
00:18:03 話者 3
OK, let's listen to the skit one more time.
00:18:40 話者 4
Now it's Haru-san's bag full of advice, and today we'll talk about what to do in an earthquake.
00:18:49 話者 3
Earthquakes are pretty common in Japan.
00:18:52 話者 4
Yes, the country is prone to quakes and minor jolts occur all the time.
00:18:57 話者 3
So what should we do when one hits?
00:19:00 話者 4
Well, if you're in a quake-proof building, don't go outside.
Instead, find a safe spot inside.
If the swaying is too strong that it makes it hard for you to move, wait until the shaking stops, and then carefully make your way out.
Be sure to protect your head whenever you're outdoors or indoors.
Hold a cushion, a book, or a bag over your head.
And protecting yourself under a table can also be effective.
Hold the upper parts of the table's legs.
Be on the alert for aftershocks as well.
And if you're near the coast, you may also need to be concerned about tsunami.
Evacuate to somewhere high as soon as possible.
00:19:39 話者 3
That's important for everyone to remember.
Thanks for tuning in to Easy Japanese.
00:19:54 話者 4
Come back again next time.
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Tokyo Skytree
00:20:19 話者 8
Japan has various kinds of landmarks that fascinate visitors.
They range from cultural and historic locations to modern buildings created with cutting-edge technologies.
What led to their creation and what were the challenges involved?
The Backstory of Japanese Landmarks brings you the stories behind these amazing places.
In this episode of The Backstory of Japanese Landmarks, we feature the world's tallest broadcast tower, Tokyo Skytree.
Tokyo Skytree is 634 meters tall.
Other landmarks such as the Tokyo Tower and Paris's Eiffel Tower have wide bases.
But Tokyo Skytree is slim and more like a spire.
Its color, named Skytree White, is based on the lightest shade of Japanese indigo blue.
The tower can be seen from a great distance, but when people first see it,
Some think its form is rather simple.
Tokyo Skytree was built using state-of-the-art Japanese technology.
But that's not all.
Traditional skills, respected and handed down over generations of craftspeople, also played a vital role in its construction.
The base of Tokyo Skytree is triangular in shape when seen from above.
This was designed to let people enter from the three sides of the surrounding areas.
Meanwhile, the two observation decks at the heights of 350 meters and 450 meters are round and offer a 360-degree panoramic view.
This means the cross-section of the tower's base is a triangle, but becomes round toward the top.
Looking more carefully, Tokyo Skytree's outline is not made of straight lines.
The lines are actually slightly curved.
Depending where the tower is viewed from, some parts of the tower warp inwards, while other parts bulge outwards.
This comes from traditional Japanese architecture.
The inward warp is called sori, while the outward curve is called mukuri.
Tokyo Skytree's towering outline is a combination of sori and mukuri.
A particularly important feature of Tokyo Skytree is its earthquake resistance.
The tower's construction began in 2008.
Three years later, in 2011, a massive earthquake struck eastern Japan.
After overcoming a number of challenges posed by the disaster, the tower was completed in 2012.
Tokyo Skytree has an outer frame and an inner column.
The 2 are structurally detached.
During an earthquake, the column acts as a weight and moves in the opposite direction as the outer frame.
This reduces the impact of tremors.
This anti-seismic structure was inspired by a traditional Japanese structure, the five-story pagoda.
Five-story pagodas of Buddhist temples have a column at the center, similar to Tokyo Skytree.
Due to their excellent quake resistance, there are no records of any wooden pagodas collapsing in an earthquake in Japan's history.
Japan's oldest five-story pagoda is in Horyuji Temple in Nara, built more than 1,400 years ago.
The wisdom of ancient people lives on in today's advanced technologies.
Thank you for tuning in to the backstory of Japanese landmarks.
We hope you have a chance to visit these landmarks and see for yourself what makes them so special.
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