- Japanese Companies Navigate US Tariff Policies (アメリカの関税政策と日本企業の動向)
- Record Number of Babies Born to Foreign Residents in Japan (日本における外国籍の出生数増加)
- Cattle Protection using Zebra Patterns (ゼブラ模様によるウシの害虫対策)
- 今日の語彙：turmoil / 混乱,騒動、prenatal / 出産前の,胎児の、barn / 納屋（のうや）,畜舎、zebra / シマウマ（白と黒の縞模様が特徴）、bovine / ウシ科の（動物）,牛の、repel / 追い払う,撃退する,寄せ付けない
- 今日の英語表現：on the rise / 増加傾向にある、上昇している
- Shadowing Tips: 日本語と英語は使う口の筋肉が違います。そのため、初心者は最初から意味を完璧に理解しようとせず、まずは音をそのまま口に出す「口の筋肉のストレッチ（筋トレ）」として取り組むのも効果的です。
Thank you for joining us. From our studio here in Tokyo, this is NHK Newsline.
Brazil's Bolsonaro Yet to Concede Election Defeat
The dust is yet to settle in Brazil after a hotly contested presidential election.
The incumbent left-wing leader holds on to power, but his right-wing opponent is yet to concede defeat.
Senator Flavio Bolsonaro lost in a runoff on Sunday.
His party issued a statement the next day acknowledging defeat.
But Bolsonaro signaled on social media he will not do the same.
President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's victory defied opinion polls.
And the Brazilian currency sank. There are fears public spending will balloon.
War in Ukraine
Finland Urges Europe, Indo-Pacific to Unite Against Russia
A localized ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine is now in effect in the southern Ukrainian city of Oleshky, where residents face a worsening humanitarian disaster.
The truce began at 3 a.m. on Tuesday, Ukrainian time.
The agreement was brokered by the United States last week.
Oleshky is in the Kherson region, close to an active battle zone.
Drone attacks and buried landmines are hampering the delivery of food and medicine to the city, and preventing residents from evacuating.
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said that as of early October, about 2,000 people were thought to have remained in Oleshky, 35 of them children.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said that the ceasefire is likely to last several days.
He also pressed Russia to clear the roads of mines so residents can evacuate safely.
On Monday, Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Teskov urged Ukraine to honor the ceasefire.
He also signaled that similar agreements are possible in other areas for humanitarian purposes.
NHK World recorded an exclusive interview with Finland's Defense Minister Antti Hanniksen, Antti Hakkanen, rather, about the situation in Ukraine.
He says Europe and its partners in the Indo-Pacific must unite to impose stronger sanctions on Russia.
Hakonen spoke to NHK World in Tokyo on Monday.
He said Russia has deepened ties with China and North Korea since launching its invasion.
00:02:46 話者 12/Antti Hakkanen/Finnish Defence Minister
Our security environment is interconnected between Europe and Indo-Pacific area.
North Korea, China, Russia is doing deeper cooperation day by day.
So we have to also do a deeper cooperation with Japan and European countries in Finland.
00:03:06 話者 1
Hakkanen also commented on US President Donald Trump's decision to exempt Russia from many sanctions.
He said lifting economic penalties amounts to helping Russian warfare.
He added that countries must understand that sanctions are essential to achieving peace in Ukraine.
00:03:27 話者 12
If the economy suffers in Russia throughout the sanctions, then Russia has to come to the peace table.
So let's not lift the sanctions. We hope that everyone understands this critical point.
00:03:41 話者 1
Hakkanen also said Finland is now involved in talks for possible peace negotiations with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
But he said Russia is the aggressor, and that a peace cannot put Ukraine in a position to surrender or give up land.
US Midterm Elections
Trump, Obama in Michigan for Battleground Push
Leaders in the US have been stepping up efforts in battleground states ahead of the midterm elections.
Now, big names from both parties have made campaign stops in Michigan.
Americans will vote on November 3 for governors, members of Congress and other offices.
The election is widely seen as a referendum under the administration of President Donald Trump. Republicans control both the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The focus is on whether they can maintain those majorities.
The Senate race in Michigan is neck and neck.
Trump urged voters to back the Republican candidate.
00:04:48 話者 22/Donald Trump
I just hope, you know, it's not a presidential election, but it is a presidential election.
00:04:56 話者 1
The Democrats too sent a former president to the state.
Barack Obama focused on the stakes of the midterms.
00:05:05 話者 23/Barack Obama
This election is our last, best chance to at least rein in some of the foolishness of this administration. It is the circuit breaker in the system.
We got to flip that circuit breaker. Bring some accountability to this government.
00:05:25 話者 1
The latest polls suggest the Senate race remains extremely close.
And Democrats appear to be on the track to win a majority in the House.
Japanese Companies Navigate Shifts in US Policy Terrain
Now, Trump's shifting tariff policies have repeatedly forced Japanese companies to change course.
Despite the challenges, Japan has remained the largest source of foreign direct investment in the United States for seven straight years.
With midterm elections only a week away, NHK World's Amma Raimu reports on how Japanese companies are adapting to business in Trump's America.
00:06:04 話者 22/Donald Trump
Tariff is my favorite word. We're getting rich because of tariffs.
00:06:10 話者 4/Reporting Amma Raimu
President Trump says his tariff policies are creating jobs and encouraging manufacturers to bring production back to the United States.
His trade agenda has also forced Japanese companies to adjust their business strategies.
Automakers have ramped up investment.
Some are exporting vehicles made in the US to Japan.
Subaru is one of the most exposed to turmoil in Washington.
The US market accounts for about 70 percent of its sales.
Net profit slumped 70 percent in fiscal 2025 and tariffs were blamed for a large share of that decrease.
This Japanese automaker is a major manufacturer here in Indiana.
They are investing in the next generation of workers.
At the center of the company's US production is Subaru of Indiana Automotive, or SIA.
It builds about half of the group's global vehicle output.
Subaru has spent years investing in workforce development at the Indiana site.
The company created a training program with a local university.
Employees learn how to maintain and repair factory equipment.
Joseph Barr joined the company three years ago.
He managed to win a place in the program in April.
00:07:42 話者 32/Joseph Barr
I feel exhausted, but mentally I'm up and going. This is definitely a career position.
I feel like I'm very lucky that I got paid for the AMMT program.
00:07:56 話者 4
Training certification opens the door to higher paying jobs at the company.
For bar with three children to feed, that is a strong incentive.
00:08:08 話者 34/Cheyenne Stone/Barr's partner
Everything's just went up. Like a jug of milk is like $4.99 now. And it used to be $2.99.
Luckily he got his job and he's doing real good in the maintenance and we don't really have to stress about that anymore.
00:08:25 話者 4
More than 90% of those taking part remain on the job after completing their training.
SIA boss Scott Brand says recruiting skilled workers is not the only challenge.
He says flexibility in production location is also essential in an environment shaped by currency swings and policy changes.
00:08:49 話者 35/Scott Brand/President & COO, Subaru of Indiana Automotive
That flexibility gives us the opportunity to adjust output to match both the demand in a particular market or to have the ability to adapt to trade decisions that are made, such as tariffs or other things.
00:09:08 話者 4
Despite all the uncertainty, Japanese companies continue to look for opportunities.
One place on their radar is Arizona.
The state is riding a wave of investment in semiconductor facilities and data centers.
Company representatives recently joined a tour of the region to witness the tech buildup.
The US market remains uncertain, but as you can see behind me, Japanese companies are still looking for opportunities here.
Nozaki Yuichiro works for a chemical manufacturer.
His company is scouting for leads in semiconductor production and data center cooling.
00:09:55 話者 36/Nozaki Yuichiro
Things here are moving at an incredible pace. We will be watching this market closely to see how technologies we developed can contribute to this field.
00:10:07 話者 4
Sakata Hiroki's employer makes cheap materials and displays.
His company sees advantages in the US , including subsidies and tax incentives, but remains cautious.
00:10:24 話者 37/Sakata Hiroki
There is no doubt it's an attractive market. At the same time, it's become much harder to see how long the current conditions will last.
00:10:36 話者 4
Opportunities always come with risks. For Japanese businesses in the US market, weighing both sides of the equation has never been more important.
Amma Raimu, NHK World.
Business
00:11:07 話者 1
Now let's see what's happening in the world of business.
Here's Ramin Mellegard from Our Biz Desk.
00:11:14 話者 2/Ramin Mellegard
Thank you very much indeed.
Hackers Release Data After GMO Ignores Ransom Demand
Now a hacker group has released what it claims is personal customer information after GMO Internet Group ignored a deadline to pay a $1 million ransom.
GMO said last week its cloud servers that are mostly used for currency trading had been breached by unauthorized parties.
It said illicit transactions had taken place on some customer accounts.
Now the hacker group claiming responsibility for the attack had demanded payment by noon on Tuesday, Japan time.
It has threatened to publicly release customer details every day at noon if it isn't paid.
GMO told NHK on Tuesday it would not meet the demand and is working with the police and other authorities on the matter.
The authenticity of the purported GMO customer details released by the hacker group has not been confirmed.
Personal Data Leaks Worry GMO Customers
GMO's customers are increasingly concerned over the illicit use of their leaked personal data.
One woman says she lost about 1.8 million yen or more than $11,000 due to repeated unauthorized transactions in the space of two days last week.
She says her losses are still mounting.
00:12:48 話者 45
I'm just an amateur, while they're a group of hackers who are incredibly knowledgeable about networks. So I'm worried that they could easily bypass the measures I've taken.
00:13:01 話者 2
Now the victim says she has backed up data and reset her computer as the hackers are also threatening to encrypt devices of GMO customers.
She said she's also changed passwords for a number of accounts.
00:13:18 話者 45
I'm just doing what the company advises me, but I'm worried if that's really enough to be safe. It's scary.
00:13:27 話者 2
The woman says she's in a state of constant anxiety as the hacker group says it will send her browsing history and other data to her relatives and acquaintances.
She says she hopes GMO will explain exactly what happened and what the situation is now.
Microsoft Offers Retirement Buyouts to Thousands of Staff
Okay, US tech giant Microsoft is offering voluntary retirement packages to employees in the United States, Canada, Britain and India.
Microsoft announced the buyout offer on Monday.
It did not say how many employees are eligible, but US media reports put the number at about 60,000. That's roughly 27% of Microsoft's global workforce.
The offer reportedly covers staff in divisions including Xbox Gaming and the Windows operating system, but some of those working in data centers and cybersecurity are excluded.
Microsoft has been reducing its workforce in recent years.
US media outlet Bloomberg says the new program is part of Microsoft's efforts to trim costs and retool its workforce for the era of artificial intelligence.
Markets
Okay, let's go to check the markets.
♪
And that’s the business news.
Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Pakistan Hold Security Talks with Iran
00:15:22 話者 1
Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan have sent senior officials to Iran for security talks.
This comes amid growing fears the United States and Israel will soon launch fresh attacks on the country.
Saudi Defense Minister Prince Khaled bin Salman, the head of Turkey's national intelligence organization, Ibrahim Khalin, and Pakistan's army chief Asim Munir were among those in attendance.
They met with Iranian President Masoud Pezeskian.
Local media say the talks were held at Pakistan's initiative.
The country has been mediating negotiations between the US and Iran.
Pezeskian stressed the need to strengthen unity among Islamic countries, saying Iran is ready to deepen regional cooperation.
The countries released a statement after the meeting.
They said they had agreed to continue dialogue for peace and security in the region.
Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan signed the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement in August.
It's a framework for a collective defense in the Middle East and includes support for Saudi Arabia, which has come under attack from Yemen's anti-government Houthi group.
Babies Born to Foreign Residents in Japan Hit Record High
The number of children born to foreign nationals in Japan last year reached a record high of over 23,000.
Meanwhile, those born to Japanese nationals fell to just over 670,000, a record low.
More than 4100 babies were born to foreign nationals in Tokyo in 2025.
The number of pregnant foreign women on the rise.
This hospital has introduced an online interpretation system for prenatal tests.
(Japanese)
00:17:25 話者 52/Suzuki Atsushi/Department Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyorin University Suginami Hospital
I think many pregnant foreign women want to continue living in Japan.
We want to accept as many of these women as possible.
00:17:34 話者 1
An NHK analysis of key statistics found, in some municipalities, more than 20 percent of babies were born to foreign nationals.
In Shizuoka Prefecture's Atami City, this figure was nearly 25 percent.
In response, the municipal government has established a new department.
It offers consultations to foreign residents as well as to Japanese people struggling to communicate with them.
00:18:04 話者 53/Takahashi Yoshitaka/Atami City official
Young people from a variety of countries are moving in to our city.
As we want them to continue living here, we'd like to interact and connect with them so we can support them.
00:18:17 話者 1
Experts say one factor behind the increase is that more foreign nationals are working in Japan under a resident status that allows them to bring their families with them.
Cattle Couture: A Striped Solution to Protecting Cows
Researchers in Japan are tackling a challenge facing cattle farms.
They're exploring whether an unusual approach can help keep big cows safe from a very tiny enemy: insects.
00:18:52 話者 5/Reporter: Sueoka Noriaki/Narrator: Kitadai Hiroko
This might seem like an ordinary barn full of cows. But what's this? A zebra?
This black and white bovine may hold the key to keeping away pests.
In Akaiwa City, Okayama Prefecture, ranch owner Arashima Yasuo has been battling a problem that bugs cattle farmers.
Blood-sucking horseflies and stable flies can swarm his herd and spread disease.
The cows' only defense is to swish their tails and stamp their hooves.
00:19:35 話者 63/Arashima Yasuo
I think it's stressful for them. They're swishing their tails vigorously to defend themselves.
00:19:42 話者 5
It's a daily battle for Arashima who catches the insects one by one with a net.
00:19:51 話者 3
There's no really effective way to deal with them. This is the most efficient method.
00:19:57 話者 5
But help for Japan's farmers may be on the way. International researchers have found the zebra's black and white stripes naturally repel bugs. The pattern confuses their vision.
It's a striking idea that is already producing results in Japan.
A test in Aichi Prefecture found that zebra-striped cows attracted half as many insects as plain ones.
The research won an Ig Nobel Prize last year, a Nobel Prize parody which honors science that makes people both laugh and think.
But the solution has not been black and white. Painted stripes fade within days.
Experts at the Research Institute for Livestock Science in Okayama Prefecture have been working on the next step.
Researcher Arakane Tomohiro sends a joint study with a clothing company produced the answer. They developed a striped outfit called the zebra cow coat.
Tests conducted with cows during the summer revealed an unexpected benefit.
00:21:18 話者 62/Arakane Tomohiro
This is a thermal camera. We are looking at the surface temperature of the cows.
00:21:24 話者 5
Tests found that after 20 minutes the temperature of a coat-clad cow remains lower than one directly exposed to the sun.
Although designed to block the bugs, the coat may also help cattle beat the heat.
00:21:42 話者 62
We plan to continue the tests and gather more data.
We'll do our best to show people that this really works.
00:21:51 話者 5
Research will continue until March next year to measure the code's effectiveness against bugs and see how zebra print catches on with the herd.
♫～
00:23:03 話者 1
To check out more of our latest news, please access NHK World Japan's website.
♪
World Weather
And now to world weather.
A strong storm slammed through parts of the United Kingdom Monday, bringing heavy rain and damaging winds. Our meteorologist Jonathan Oh has the details.
00:23:52 話者 3
Hello as the fall season continues to take a hold across Europe we see the changes bringing some stormier weather as well.
We had one that was moving through the United Kingdom and left some problems as it moved through the area.
I want to show you some video to give you an idea of the situation on the ground.
A storm named Boelo slammed through parts of the United Kingdom on Monday leaving a trail of inundation and damage in its wake.
In some of northern towns, flooding affected several properties and caused damage to some transport routes. A number of roads were blocked by fallen trees.
Now this girl and her mother had to pass the night using candles and double blankets as they were one of over 100,000 homes that had lost power due to the storm.
Now that same system will continue to move toward the north and impact the Scandinavian Peninsula as it moves through the area and it has still a lot of the strong winds associated with that storm.
Down toward the south, we've had this low pressure system, kind of a pesky one that has stayed around the Balkan Peninsula into Turkey and it will continue to bring rain and thunderstorms into Istanbul and also into Athens as we go into the day on Tuesday.
In the central portion of the continent, sunny and relatively dry as we go through the day.
Meanwhile, we've been seeing a bit of an unstable pattern across the central portion of the United States as a couple of low pressure systems roll through with some cold air really wrapping around those lows.
Down to the south, that's where high pressure is keeping these things relatively warm here, 20s into Atlanta, into Houston and on the flip side, single digit highs into places like Winnipeg and Vancouver as we go through the day on Tuesday.
Quick note on Northeast Asia, we had a cloudy and relatively wet day, snow possibly up toward the north as a couple more low pressure systems roll through the area and drag some of the colder air into the picture.
But Tokyo, after seeing cloudy weather on Tuesday, looking at sunnier weather high of 20 as we go into the day on Tuesday, on Wednesday.
Hope you have a good day wherever you are.
♫～ 3-Day Forecast ～♫
Leaf Peepers Enjoy Autumn Colors in Okunikko
00:26:35 話者 1
Stunning autumn colors are on now full display in Okuniko, north of Tokyo.
The leaves of maples, azellas, oaks and other trees in the Lake Chuzenji area have turned brilliant hues of crimson and gold.
The area, part of Nikko City, Dochigi Prefecture, is situated at an elevation of about 12-hundred meters.
Tourists from around the world and across Japan were treated to magnificent views from aboard a boat plying the lake.
00:27:09 話者 72
I've never been here before. It's breathtakingly beautiful.
00:27:16 話者 73
What a beautiful place to enjoy the colors and the natural aspects of the lake and seeing the fall colors is just wonderful to be here.
00:27:29 話者 1
A local official said the seasonal foliage can be enjoyed in this area until around early November.
And that concludes this edition of NHK Newsline.
Thank you very much for watching and please join us again.
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NHK World
00:28:01 話者 99
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