Key words : china trade talk sanction
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211009_12/
The United States and China have held ministerial-level trade talks. Items on the agenda included China's purchases of farm goods and industrial subsidies.
US Trade Representative Katherine Tai held a call with Chinese Vice Premier Liu He on Friday, Washington time.
The US government said Tai asked China to steadily implement the "Phase 1" deal struck in January last year with the then Trump administration. China promised to buy US farm goods under the deal.
Tai also reportedly conveyed concerns about structural issues, including what the US calls China's excessive state subsidies.
The Chinese government said it asked the US to lift sanctions and abolish additional tariffs of up to 25 percent on Chinese imports.
The Chinese side also said it explained the country's industrial policy. The move is seen as an effort to counter US criticism of Beijing's industrial subsidies.
Earlier this month, the US government announced a new policy on trade negotiations with China that places greater emphasis on dialogue. The US regards the latest call as the start of full-scale trade negotiations under the administration of President Joe Biden.
The two countries have agreed in principle that Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping will hold talks online by the end of the year.
Key words : landmark tax rules
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211009_05/
Officials from 136 countries and territories have reached a landmark deal to ensure large companies pay their fair share of tax. The agreement sets out a minimum corporate tax rate of 15 percent.
OECD members and other economies reached a final agreement on new global tax rules at an online meeting on Friday. They began full-scale negotiations to review the century-old system in 2013.
The new deal comprises two pillars. One is the introduction of a minimum tax rate of 15 percent, aimed at reducing tax avoidance and curbing the competition to offer the lowest rates.
The other is to facilitate taxation on the cross-border operations of multinationals such as Google, Amazon, Facebook and Apple.
Under the new rules, some of the rights to tax those companies will be reallocated to countries in which they generate revenue.
Low tax countries including Ireland and Hungary joined the agreement, but others such as Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan and Sri Lanka did not. Japan plans to encourage them to join.
Key words : apple appeal
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211009_13/
Apple has filed a notice of appeal with a US court in a case against Epic Games, the developer of the popular online game Fortnite.
Apple and Epic Games have been in a legal battle since the technology giant deleted the game from its App Store.
The deletion was in response to the game maker's move to start its own payment service, in a bid to avoid Apple's billing system that charges up to 30 percent of sales in commission fees.
In September, a federal district court in California ruled that Apple's policy of prohibiting app developers from steering consumers to outside payment methods was anticompetitive, and it ordered Apple to review its App Store rules.
Apple appealed the ruling on Friday and asked for a stay on an injunction to review the rules until the lawsuit is concluded.
Apple and the Japan Fair Trade Commission reached a settlement last month, in which the tech firm is obliged to allow distributors of e-book, music and video apps to add links to outside payment systems.
Experts say Apple cannot afford to make any concessions on commission fees from game app sales, as they comprise a sizable source of the tech giant's income.
Key words : india tata air india
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211009_09/
Air India is returning to its original owners after the Indian government announced on Friday it will sell its entire stake in the carrier to the Tata business conglomerate.
The Tata group will pay about 2.4 billion dollars for the airline it founded in 1932 and operated until it was nationalized in 1953. The deal is expected to be finalized by the end of the year.
Air India has struggled against the rise of low-cost carriers, accumulating debt of about 8 billion dollars.
The Tata group has been expanding its business. It already operates an aviation venture with Singapore Airlines.
Ratan Tata, emeritus chairman of the group's holding company Tata Sons, tweeted, "Welcome back, Air India!" He said it will take "considerable effort to rebuild Air India," but hoped the move will provide a "very strong market opportunity to the Tata group's presence in the aviation industry."
Air India's challenges include streamlining its workforce and upgrading services amid depressed travel demand due to the coronavirus pandemic.
Key words : research risk
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211009_10/
A group of researchers has found the risk of coronavirus infection increases nearly four-fold when people eat or drink with companions without wearing masks at all during the gathering, compared to when people avoid group meals altogether.
The researchers, who include experts with the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, surveyed 753 unvaccinated adults who sought medical attention in Tokyo for fever or other symptoms. Of the subjects, 257 tested positive for COVID-19 while 496 were negative.
The researchers found people who had gone out to eat or drink in groups and not used a mask at any time had tested positive at a rate 3.92 times that of people who had not dined in groups at all before developing symptoms.
The risk of infection for people who went out in groups and mostly kept their masks on, removing them occasionally to eat or drink, wasn't very different than for people who did not dine in groups at all.
The researchers also found that the rate of infection for people who wore urethane masks was 1.87 times that for people who wore non-woven fabric masks, and for those who wore cloth or gauze masks, it was 1.82 times.
The head of the NIID Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, Suzuki Motoi, called on people to wear non-woven fabric masks properly when meeting companions. He also cautioned against eating out in large groups for long periods of time.
Key words : wakayama
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211009_11/
Town water is flowing again in the city of Wakayama, western Japan, after workers installed a temporary bypass for a collapsed pipeline bridge.
The city resumed supplies on Saturday morning after an outage of six days. The temporary pipeline has been attached to a nearby bridge.
At one household, brownish water gushed from an outside tap at 8:30 a.m.
Officials are warning people not to drink tap water for the time being as it could be turbid. They are also asking residents to limit their water use.
The pipelines over the Kinokawa River collapsed on Sunday, cutting off water to about 60,000 households, or nearly 40 percent of the city.
Officials are monitoring the new supply and plan to post notices on the city's website and social media when they confirm it is safe to drink.
Key words : panel gps tracking
https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20211008_32/
A panel of experts has proposed that Japan's Justice Ministry introduce GPS tracking of people out on bail if courts agree that they pose a risk of fleeing abroad.
The move comes amid an increase in the number of cases where bail is granted, which is often aimed at giving defendants more time to prepare for court hearings. The rise has come with the introduction of lay judges in some cases since 2009.
There have been a number of cases in which the accused has taken flight after being released on bail in recent years.
One high-profile example occurred in 2019, when former Nissan Chairman Carlos Ghosn fled to Lebanon in a private jet while awaiting trial for alleged financial misconduct.
Under the proposal, drafted on Friday, people on bail wearing GPS devices would be monitored and detained if they were to breach a ban on entering air and seaports.
A penalty of up to two years' prison time would be imposed if defendants on bail were to fail to appear in court or remained away from their designated residence for a longer period than allowed.
But there is concern with regard to how effective such strictures would be, with ministry officials saying they will not monitor defendants around the clock out of respect for their privacy.
The proposal is expected to be submitted to the justice minister as early as late October.
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